MDS scores were associated with obsessive–compulsive behavior and thoughts, dissociative absorption, attention deficit, and high sense of presence during day- dreaming, but less with psychotic symptoms. A 3-correlated-factors model best presented the underlying dimensions Yearning, Kinesthesia and Impairment, capturing related rewarding experiences as well as psychological impairment of maladap- tive daydreaming. Our sample consisted of 447 English-speaking individuals from 45 different countries. This study describes the development of the Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale (MDS), a 14- item self-report instrument designed to gauge abnormal fantasizing.
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